1) Soft Tissue Surgeries:

• Spay (Ovariohysterectomy): Surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus, commonly performed on female dogs and cats for population control and prevention of certain diseases.
• Neuter (Orchiectomy): Surgical removal of the testicles, commonly performed on male dogs and cats for population control, behavioral modification, and prevention of certain diseases.
• Mass Excision/Tumor Removal: Surgical removal of abnormal growths or tumors from various locations on or within the body.
• Cystotomy: Surgical incision into the bladder, often to remove bladder stones or tumors.
• Gastrotomy/Enterotomy: Surgical incision into the stomach or intestines, respectively, often to remove foreign bodies.
• Splenectomy: Surgical removal of the spleen, often due to rupture, torsion, or tumor.
• Hernia Repair: Surgical correction of a hernia, where an organ or tissue protrudes through an abnormal opening (e.g., umbilical hernia, inguinal hernia).
• Wound Debridement and Closure: Surgical cleaning and closing of contaminated or traumatized wounds.
• Perineal Urethrostomy (PU): A surgical procedure in male cats (and occasionally dogs) to create a new, wider opening for the urethra, often performed for recurrent urinary blockages.
• Exploratory Laparotomy: A surgical incision into the abdomen to visually inspect internal organs and diagnose conditions.

2) Orthopedic Surgeries:

• Cranial Cruciate Ligament (CCL) Repair: Repair of a torn or ruptured cranial cruciate ligament in the stifle (knee) joint, a very common orthopedic injury in dogs (e.g., TPLO, TTA, extra-capsular repair).
• Fracture Repair: Surgical stabilization and repair of broken bones using various methods like plates, screws, pins, wires, or external fixators.
• Patellar Luxation Repair: Surgical correction of a kneecap that dislocates out of its normal groove.
• Femoral Head Ostectomy (FHO): Surgical removal of the head and neck of the femur (thigh bone), often performed for severe hip dysplasia or femoral head fractures, particularly in smaller animals.
• Amputation: Surgical removal of a limb or part of a limb, typically due to severe trauma, irreparable fractures, or aggressive tumors.